Panama's Indigenous Emberá people have an ancestral knowledge accumulated over hundreds of years of living in the jungle.
This knowledge was fundamental to the USAF school's survival field training program, conducted by Emberá Chief Manuel Antonio Zarco and his team.
Director H. Morgan Smith talks about first meeting Chief Zarco in Panama in 1952 in the NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project transcript of a 2022 interview.
Author's summary: NASA's moon mission connected to Panama's Emberá people.